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Italy’s colonial legacy is evident in the capital, AsmaraBecame capital of Italian colony of Eritrea in 19001941-53: Under British administrationCapital of independent Eritrea from 1993Population: 500,000 |
1890 – Eritrea becomes an Italian colony.
1941 – British forces occupy Eritrea.
1949 – Britain administers Eritrea as a United Nations trust territory.
1952 – UN decides to make Eritrea a federal component of Ethiopia.
1958 – Eritrean Liberation Front formed.
Independence struggle
1962 – Ethiopia annexes Eritrea, turning it into a province; war of independence begins.
1970 – Leftist faction of the Eritrean Liberation Front splits to form the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front.
Eritreans relax at the Red Sea resort of Hamasin Beach |
1974 – Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie overthrown in a military coup.
1977-78 – Soviet advisers and Cuban troops help Ethiopian forces reverse significant advances made by Eritrean guerrillas.
1990 – Eritrean People’s Liberation Front captures the Eritrean port of Massawa.
1991 – Eritrean People’s Liberation Front captures the Eritrean capital, Asmara and forms a provisional government; the United Nations sets a date for a referendum on Eritrean independence with Ethiopian backing.
1993 – Eritreans almost unanimously vote for independence; Eritrea becomes independent and joins the United Nations.
Post-independence war
1995 – Eritrean troops invade the Yemeni-held Hanish islands at the mouth of the Red Sea.
1998 – International arbitration panel awards the Greater Hanish island to Yemen and divides other smaller islands between the two countries.
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Border conflict with Ethiopia cost tens of thousands of lives |
1998-2000 – Eritrean-Ethiopian border clashes turn into a full-scale war which kills some 70,000 people.
2000 Eritrea, Ethiopia ceasefire and peace agreements envisage troop withdrawals and UN peacekeepers.
Border disagreement
2001 February – Ethiopia says it has withdrawn its troops from Eritrea in accordance with the 2000 peace deal.
2001 April – Eritrea says its forces have pulled out of the border zone with Ethiopia in accordance with the 2000 peace agreement.
2001 May – Eritrea and Ethiopia agree on a UN-proposed mediator to try to demarcate their disputed border.
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Border commission ruled that disputed Badme is in Eritrea |
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